Isaiah 13
1 The burden of Babylon, which Isaiah the son of Amoz did see.
2 Lift ye up a banner upon the high mountain, exalt the voice unto them, shake the hand, that they may go into the gates of the nobles.
3 I have commanded my sanctified ones, I have also called my mighty ones for mine anger, even them that rejoice in my highness.
4 The noise of a multitude in the mountains, like as of a great people; a tumultuous noise of the kingdoms of nations gathered together: the LORD of hosts mustereth the host of the battle.
5 They come from a far country, from the end of heaven, even the LORD, and the weapons of his indignation, to destroy the whole land.
6 Howl ye; for the day of the LORD is at hand; it shall come as a destruction from the Almighty.
7 Therefore shall all hands be faint, and every man's heart shall melt:
8 And they shall be afraid: pangs and sorrows shall take hold of them; they shall be in pain as a woman that travaileth: they shall be amazed one at another; their faces shall be as flames.
9 Behold, the day of the LORD cometh, cruel both with wrath and fierce anger, to lay the land desolate: and he shall destroy the sinners thereof out of it.
10 For the stars of heaven and the constellations thereof shall not give their light: the sun shall be darkened in his going forth, and the moon shall not cause her light to shine.
11 And I will punish the world for their evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; and I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
12 I will make a man more precious than fine gold; even a man than the golden wedge of Ophir.
13 Therefore I will shake the heavens, and the earth shall remove out of her place, in the wrath of the LORD of hosts, and in the day of his fierce anger.
14 And it shall be as the chased roe, and as a sheep that no man taketh up: they shall every man turn to his own people, and flee every one into his own land.
15 Every one that is found shall be thrust through; and every one that is joined unto them shall fall by the sword.
16 Their children also shall be dashed to pieces before their eyes; their houses shall be spoiled, and their wives ravished.
17 Behold, I will stir up the Medes against them, which shall not regard silver; and as for gold, they shall not delight in it.
18 Their bows also shall dash the young men to pieces; and they shall have no pity on the fruit of the womb; their eye shall not spare children.
19 And Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldees' excellency, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
20 It shall never be inhabited, neither shall it be dwelt in from generation to generation: neither shall the Arabian pitch tent there; neither shall the shepherds make their fold there.
21 But wild beasts of the desert shall lie there; and their houses shall be full of doleful creatures; and owls shall dwell there, and satyrs shall dance there.
22 And the wild beasts of the islands shall cry in their desolate houses, and dragons in their pleasant palaces: and her time is near to come, and her days shall not be prolonged.
World Behind This Chapter
Explore the people, places, language, history, and material world connected to Isaiah 13.
What historical setting lies behind Isaiah 13?
Babylon is targeted even though the opening half of Isaiah is rooted in the Assyrian age, raising questions about collection and composition.
How does Isaiah 13's nation oracle + cosmic judgment poetry shape the chapter?
Battle mustering, “day of the LORD,” cosmic darkening, and city-destruction imagery create an intentionally overwhelming scale.
Does Isaiah 13 come from Isaiah of Jerusalem’s eighth-century setting?
Many scholars connect the chapter’s Babylon focus and some language with later exilic or postexilic horizons, while others argue for earlier cores or complex editorial growth. The chapter is central to debates about Isaiah’s composition.
Sources to ExploreCurated research paths for this chapter 3
History & Daily Life1
- Babylon: Imperial Capital and Symbol of PowerThe Metropolitan Museum of Art
Illustrated history of Babylon as a major Mesopotamian city, royal capital, religious center, and symbol of imperial magnificence. It provides historical context for Isaiah 13’s oracle against Babylon while helping readers distinguish the historical city from its later literary symbolism.
Language & Literature2
- Double Similes of Fire in Isaiah’s Judgment PoetryTranslation Insights and Perspectives
Examines Isaiah’s forceful poetic comparisons and compressed military imagery. Readers learn how Isaiah can pile one comparison upon another, use implied subjects, and arrange parallel commands to create the sound and momentum of an advancing army.
- Stars, Sun, and Moon as Cosmic MetaphorsTranslation Insights and Perspectives
Explains Isaiah 13:10, where stars, constellations, sun, and moon cease giving light. The commentary helps readers recognize cosmic darkness as figurative language for political catastrophe, terror, and the collapse of an apparently permanent world order.

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